Identifying key challenges in the integration of migrant women into local communities expert survey: a monitoring study

Abstract

The article presents the findings of an expert survey conducted to identify the key challenges faced by migrant women during their integration into the local communities in a monitoring mode. The survey, carried out between August and November 2023, was supported by the International Labor Organization (ILO) under The UN, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of Norway, and the NGO "Sana Sezim". Migrant women represent one of the most vulnerable demographic group, as they migrate alone or with children, in addition to migrating with their families. The monitoring survey targeted main objectives, which was conducted in two main areas that cause the main challenges for migrant women during their adaptation to the local communities: сhildren's access to schools; migrant women access to free medical services, including health monitoring, pregnancy registration.

The results of the expert survey revealed that foreign labor migrants and their families are a socially vulnerable population group that faces significant challenges in interacting with local institutions and systems. A prevailing perception that migrants are merely a temporary population, or “guests”, often leads to a lack of concerted efforts to support their integration. However, the study highlights that migrant families typically follow one of two paths during their stay: they either overcome their socially excluded position by acquiring the permanent resident status or fail to adapt, resulting in marginalization. Education and health care were identified as primary domains where migrant women encounter substantial adaptation difficulties.

The practical significance of survey results is underscored by the growing global recognition of the gender-specific challenges faced by migrant women, particularly those who remain “in the shadows” of migration. Addressing these challenges involves fostering inclusive policies and practices to improve social integration and cultural adaptation for women and their families.

Keywords: migrant women, education, healthcare, quota, children of migrants.