Gender characteristics of sports motivation in the period of preparation for competitions among professional and amateur athletes

Abstract

The relevance of the study of sports motivation is related to the socio-economic policy of the state, focused both on the development of professional sports and on the development of a healthy lifestyle among the population. The problem field of sports motivation research is set by comparing the motiva- tion structures of professional and amateur athletes. The purpose of the study: to study the features of the motivational system of athletes during the preparation for competitions. 3 methods were used in the work, which correspond to the selected diagnostic units: the method of “Studying the motives of sports” by V.I. Tropnikov; the questionnaire “Motives of sports activity” (MSD) by E.A. Kalinin; the test of resil- ience, adaptation by D.A. Leontiev and E.I. Rasskazova. The results showed that both professional and amateur sports impose similar requirements on athletes, forming a high level of resilience, however, pro- fessional and amateur athletes have different motivational profiles that affect their reactions and behavior during the preparation for competitions, and it is important to take into account this specificity in motiva- tion in the training process, for the successful performance of athletes at competitions. A feature of the motivational profile that distinguishes professional athletes from amateur athletes is the importance of incentive motives, material benefits, prestige and collectivistic orientation. A feature of the motivational profile that distinguishes amateur athletes from professional athletes is the importance of the motives of physical perfection and improvement of well-being and health.

Key words: sports motivation, motivational profile, motivational sphere of athletes, resilience.