Посттравматический рост: теоретический анализ проблемы
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Ключевые слова:
пост-травматический рост, психологическая травма, совладающее поведение, копинг-стратегии.Аннотация
Статья посвящена проблеме посттравматического роста, возникающего параллельно попыткам приспособиться к тяжелым жизненным обстоятельствам и высокому уровню психологического дистресса. Ранее считалось, что основными и практически неизбежными реакциями на тяжелые жизненные обстоятельства являются нарушения психического здоровья. Однако в последние годы ученые стали обращать все большее внимание на то, что травма может стать также катализатором глубоких позитивных как личностных, так и социальных преобразований. Положительные психологические изменения, произошедшие с индивидом, перенесшим тяжелую психическую травму, в психологической литературе стало принятым считать проявлениями феномена пост-травматического роста. Посттравматический рост проявляется в том, что меняется отношение человека к самому себе, к другим людям, меняется общая жизненная философия. В результате преодоления травмирующей ситуации и ее последствий человек начинает чувствовать себя одновременно более уязвимым и более сильным, чем раньше. Иногда ему открываются новые возможности в жизни, о которых он раньше не подозревал. Меняется отношение к жизни, которая воспринимается не как данность, а как дар, которым следует воспользоваться с большей пользой.
Библиографические ссылки
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29. Evers A. W. M., Kraaimaart F. W., van Langveld W., Jongen P. J. H., Jacobs J. W. G., Bijlsma J. W. J. Beyond unfavourable thinking: The Illness Cognition Questionnaire for chronic diseases // Journal of Counselling and Clinical Psychology. – 2001. – № 69. – P. 1026-1037.
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31. Ryff C. D., Singer B. H., Selzer M. M.. Pathways through challenge: Implications for wellbeing and health. In L. Pulkkinen and A. Caspi (Eds.), Pathways to successful development: Personality in the life course. – New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002. – P. 302-328.
32. Salter E, Stallard P. Posttraumatic growth in child survivors of a road traffic accident. J Trauma Stress. 2004 Aug.17 (4): 335-40.
33. Janoff-Bulman, R. (2006). Schema-change perspectives on posttraumatic growth. The handbook of posttraumatic growth: Research and practice Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. pp. 81-99.
2. Василюк Ф.Е. Работа переживания. – М.: изд-во МГУ, 1984. – 200 с.
3. Jackson A.C. Posttraumatic Growth: Is there evidence for changing our practice? // The Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies 2007 Vol.1 URL: http://trauma.massey.ac.nz
4. Robinson, J. S. Larson, C. Are traumatic events necessary to elicit symptoms of posttraumatic stress? Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, Vol 2(2), Jun, 2010. pp. 71-76.
5. Morris B.A. Shakespeare-Finch J. Scott J.L. Coping Processes and Dimensions of Posttraumatic Growth// The Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies 2007 Vol.1 URL: http://trauma.massey.ac.nz.
6. Хеллингер Б. И в середине тебе станет легко. – М.: Издательство Института психотерапии, 2006. – 208 с.
7. Dunning C., Silva M. Disaster-induced trauma in rescue workers // Victimology: An International Journal. – 1981. – № 5. – P.3-4.
8. Aldwin C., Levenson M., Spiro A. Vulnerability and resilience to combat exposure: Can stress have lifelong effects? // Psychology and Aging. – 1994. – № 9. – P. 34-44.
9. O’Leary V. E., Alday C. S., Ickovics J. R. Models of life change and posttraumatic growth. In R. G. Tedeschi, C. L. Park, & L. G. Calhoun (Eds.), Posttraumatic growth: Positive changes in the aftermath of crisis Mahwah, – NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, 1996. – P. 1-22.
10. Calhoun L. G., Tedeschi R. G. The foundations of posttraumatic growth: New considerations. // Psychological Inquiry. – 2004. – № 15. – P. 93-102.
11. Smith, M. E., Kelly, L. M.. The journey of recovery after a rape experience // Issues in Mental Health Nursing. – 2001. – № 22 (4). – P. 337-352.
12. Borja S. E., Callahan J. L., Long P. J. Positive and negative adjustment and social support of sexual assault survivors // Journal of Traumatic Stress. – 2006. – № 19 (6). – P. 905-914.
13. McMillen J. C., Smith E. M., Fisher R. H. Perceived benefit and mental health after three types of disaster // Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. – 2001. – № 65 (5). – P. 733–739.
14. Davis C. G., Nolen-Hoeksema S., Larson, J. Making sense of loss and benefiting from the experience: two construals of meaning // Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. – 1998. – № 75 (2). – P. 561–574.
15. Wheeler I. Parental bereavement: the crisis of meaning. // Death Studies. – 2001. – № 25 (1). – P. 51-66.
16. Richards T. A. Spiritual resources following a partner’s death from AIDS. In R. A. Neimeyer, (Ed), Meaning reconstruction and the experience of loss. – Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association, 2002. – P. 173-190.
17. Affleck G., Tennen H., Croog S., Levine S. Causal attribution, perceived benefits, and morbidity after heart attack: An 8-year study // Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. – 1987. – № 55. – P. 29-35.
18. Aldwin C., Levenson M., Spiro A. Vulnerability and resilience to combat exposure: Can stress have lifelong effects? // Psychology and Aging. – 1994. – № 9. – P. 34-44.
19. Weiss T. Posttraumatic growth in women with breast cancer and their husbands: An intersubjective validation study // Journal of Psychosocial Oncology. – 2002. – № 20. – P. 65-80.
20. Cobb A. R., Tedeschi R. G., Calhoun L. G., Cann A. Correlates of posttraumatic growth in survivors of intimate partner abuse // Journal of Traumatic Stress. – 2006. – № 19 (6). – P. 895-903.
21. Carver C. S. Resilience and thriving: Issues, models and linkages // Journal of Social Issues. – 1998. – №54. – P. 245-266.
22. Updegraff J. A., Taylor S. E. From vulnerability to growth: Positive and negative effects of stressful life events. In J. Harvey & E. Miller (Eds.), Handbook of Loss and Trauma. – New York: Brunner/Mazel, 2000. – 401 p.
23. Edmonds S., Hooker K. Perceived changes in life meaning following bereavement// Omega. – 1992. – № 25. – P. 307–318.
24. Joseph S., Williams R., Yule, W. Changes in outlook following disaster: The preliminary development of a measure to assess positive and negative responses // Journal of Traumatic Stress. – 1993. – № 6 (2). – P. 271-279.
25. Park C. L., Cohen L. H., Murch R. Assessment and prediction of stress-related growth // Journal of Personality. – 1996. – № 64. – P. 71-105.
26. Hobfoll S. E., Tracy M., Galea S. The impact of resource loss and traumatic growth on probable PTSD and depression following terrorist attacks // Journal of Traumatic Stress. – 2006. – № 19 (6). – P. 867-878.
27. Jackson C. A. A salutogenic approach to the management of critical incidents an examination of teacher’s stress responses and coping, and school management strategies and interventions. PhD Thesis, Swinburne University, Australasian Digital Theses Program. – 2003. – 279 p.
28. Zoellner, T. & Maercker, A. Posttraumatic growth in clinical psychology: A critical review and introduction of a two component model // Clinical Psychology Review. – 2006. – № 26 (5). – P. 626-653.
29. Evers A. W. M., Kraaimaart F. W., van Langveld W., Jongen P. J. H., Jacobs J. W. G., Bijlsma J. W. J. Beyond unfavourable thinking: The Illness Cognition Questionnaire for chronic diseases // Journal of Counselling and Clinical Psychology. – 2001. – № 69. – P. 1026-1037.
30. Linley P. A., Joseph S. Positive change following trauma and adversity: A review// Journal of Traumatic Stress. – 2004. – № 17 (1). – P. 11-21.
31. Ryff C. D., Singer B. H., Selzer M. M.. Pathways through challenge: Implications for wellbeing and health. In L. Pulkkinen and A. Caspi (Eds.), Pathways to successful development: Personality in the life course. – New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002. – P. 302-328.
32. Salter E, Stallard P. Posttraumatic growth in child survivors of a road traffic accident. J Trauma Stress. 2004 Aug.17 (4): 335-40.
33. Janoff-Bulman, R. (2006). Schema-change perspectives on posttraumatic growth. The handbook of posttraumatic growth: Research and practice Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. pp. 81-99.
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Как цитировать
Slanbekova, G., Kabakova, M., Oskenbai, F., Kalymbetova, E., Tolegenova, A., & Chung, M. C. (2016). Посттравматический рост: теоретический анализ проблемы. Вестник КазНУ. Серия психологии и социологии, 49(2). извлечено от https://bulletin-psysoc.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-psy/article/view/306
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Раздел
Психология
