Theoretical approaches to the study of trust to socio-economic institutes of society

Abstract

Interest in trust by the Social Sciences and Humanities has recently been growing at a significant pace. It is not surprising, considering how important in daily life plays a trust. But, despite this, there is still no common approach to the definition of trust and value it in the structure of society and its functional significance. Gained popularity as an object of sociological and economic research in the 70-ies of  XX century the trust has not received the total for various social and humanitarian disciplines determine which further divides the researchers, forcing them to carry out the study of aspects of trust in their own understanding. In social science was felt pledged by the classics of sociological thought, suggesting that the form of trust contained in the relationship people have changed during the evolution of society. One of the most striking examples to illustrate the classical approach is the theory of the Company and common German sociologist F. Tennis. In analyzing trust forms in the light of the evolution of society it is necessary to consider that many scientists are inclined to suggest that before the emergence of industrial society, the trust was introduced in the form of human relations more harmonious and complete than in the era of modern classics. Throughout the evolution of public trust really was reinforced and changed depending on the conditions, which were created in the social environment. In archaic society, it is in the form of community, interpersonal trust, in the high culture of the society – in the form of the Company, an artificial unity on the basis of the social contract. This article analyzes the basic concepts of trust in economics and sociology. Among the authors are mentioned in the article can be identified as the classics of the economy, Adam Smith and David Ricardo, and scientists new schools of institutional economics and economic sociology. As we can see, it is allocated a certain tendency that helps connect researchers with the time limit (margin) of the theory regarding the trust. Origin of trust, its dependence on moral terms such as faith, confidence, reliability, experience, is challenged by various scientists. For sociologists also important to study ways of building trust in the modern society, the possible mechanisms to strengthen and consolidate relations of trust in society, the study of the integration of the individual in society.

Key words: Trust, confidence, society, new economic sociology, the new institutional economics, public morals, development.