Posttraumatic growth: theoretical analysis of problem
Keywords:
posttraumatic growth, psychological trauma, coping behavior, coping strategies.Abstract
The article deals with post-traumatic growth occurring in parallel attempts to adjust to precarious circumstances and high levels of psychological distress. Previously it was thought that the main and almost inevitable reactions to difficult life circumstances are mental health disorders. However, in recent years, scientists have been paying increasing attention to the fact that the injury can also be a catalyst for profound positive as personal and social transformation. Positive psychological changes that have occurred since the individual who suffered severe mental trauma in the psychological literature was considered to be manifestations of the phenomenon of post-traumatic growth.
Posttraumatic growth is manifested in the fact that changing the relation of man to himself, to others, changing the overall philosophy of life. As a result of overcoming traumatic situation and its impact on a person begins to feel both more vulnerable and more powerful than before. Sometimes it opens up new opportunities in life, which he had not suspected. Changing attitude to life – it is not seen as a given, granted, but as a gift, something that should be used sensibly.
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27. Jackson C. A. A salutogenic approach to the management of critical incidents an examination of teacher’s stress responses and coping, and school management strategies and interventions. PhD Thesis, Swinburne University, Australasian Digital Theses Program. – 2003. – 279 p.
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30. Linley P. A., Joseph S. Positive change following trauma and adversity: A review// Journal of Traumatic Stress. – 2004. – № 17 (1). – P. 11-21.
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33. Janoff-Bulman, R. (2006). Schema-change perspectives on posttraumatic growth. The handbook of posttraumatic growth: Research and practice Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. pp. 81-99.
2. Василюк Ф.Е. Работа переживания. – М.: изд-во МГУ, 1984. – 200 с.
3. Jackson A.C. Posttraumatic Growth: Is there evidence for changing our practice? // The Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies 2007 Vol.1 URL: http://trauma.massey.ac.nz
4. Robinson, J. S. Larson, C. Are traumatic events necessary to elicit symptoms of posttraumatic stress? Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, Vol 2(2), Jun, 2010. pp. 71-76.
5. Morris B.A. Shakespeare-Finch J. Scott J.L. Coping Processes and Dimensions of Posttraumatic Growth// The Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies 2007 Vol.1 URL: http://trauma.massey.ac.nz.
6. Хеллингер Б. И в середине тебе станет легко. – М.: Издательство Института психотерапии, 2006. – 208 с.
7. Dunning C., Silva M. Disaster-induced trauma in rescue workers // Victimology: An International Journal. – 1981. – № 5. – P.3-4.
8. Aldwin C., Levenson M., Spiro A. Vulnerability and resilience to combat exposure: Can stress have lifelong effects? // Psychology and Aging. – 1994. – № 9. – P. 34-44.
9. O’Leary V. E., Alday C. S., Ickovics J. R. Models of life change and posttraumatic growth. In R. G. Tedeschi, C. L. Park, & L. G. Calhoun (Eds.), Posttraumatic growth: Positive changes in the aftermath of crisis Mahwah, – NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, 1996. – P. 1-22.
10. Calhoun L. G., Tedeschi R. G. The foundations of posttraumatic growth: New considerations. // Psychological Inquiry. – 2004. – № 15. – P. 93-102.
11. Smith, M. E., Kelly, L. M.. The journey of recovery after a rape experience // Issues in Mental Health Nursing. – 2001. – № 22 (4). – P. 337-352.
12. Borja S. E., Callahan J. L., Long P. J. Positive and negative adjustment and social support of sexual assault survivors // Journal of Traumatic Stress. – 2006. – № 19 (6). – P. 905-914.
13. McMillen J. C., Smith E. M., Fisher R. H. Perceived benefit and mental health after three types of disaster // Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. – 2001. – № 65 (5). – P. 733–739.
14. Davis C. G., Nolen-Hoeksema S., Larson, J. Making sense of loss and benefiting from the experience: two construals of meaning // Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. – 1998. – № 75 (2). – P. 561–574.
15. Wheeler I. Parental bereavement: the crisis of meaning. // Death Studies. – 2001. – № 25 (1). – P. 51-66.
16. Richards T. A. Spiritual resources following a partner’s death from AIDS. In R. A. Neimeyer, (Ed), Meaning reconstruction and the experience of loss. – Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association, 2002. – P. 173-190.
17. Affleck G., Tennen H., Croog S., Levine S. Causal attribution, perceived benefits, and morbidity after heart attack: An 8-year study // Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. – 1987. – № 55. – P. 29-35.
18. Aldwin C., Levenson M., Spiro A. Vulnerability and resilience to combat exposure: Can stress have lifelong effects? // Psychology and Aging. – 1994. – № 9. – P. 34-44.
19. Weiss T. Posttraumatic growth in women with breast cancer and their husbands: An intersubjective validation study // Journal of Psychosocial Oncology. – 2002. – № 20. – P. 65-80.
20. Cobb A. R., Tedeschi R. G., Calhoun L. G., Cann A. Correlates of posttraumatic growth in survivors of intimate partner abuse // Journal of Traumatic Stress. – 2006. – № 19 (6). – P. 895-903.
21. Carver C. S. Resilience and thriving: Issues, models and linkages // Journal of Social Issues. – 1998. – №54. – P. 245-266.
22. Updegraff J. A., Taylor S. E. From vulnerability to growth: Positive and negative effects of stressful life events. In J. Harvey & E. Miller (Eds.), Handbook of Loss and Trauma. – New York: Brunner/Mazel, 2000. – 401 p.
23. Edmonds S., Hooker K. Perceived changes in life meaning following bereavement// Omega. – 1992. – № 25. – P. 307–318.
24. Joseph S., Williams R., Yule, W. Changes in outlook following disaster: The preliminary development of a measure to assess positive and negative responses // Journal of Traumatic Stress. – 1993. – № 6 (2). – P. 271-279.
25. Park C. L., Cohen L. H., Murch R. Assessment and prediction of stress-related growth // Journal of Personality. – 1996. – № 64. – P. 71-105.
26. Hobfoll S. E., Tracy M., Galea S. The impact of resource loss and traumatic growth on probable PTSD and depression following terrorist attacks // Journal of Traumatic Stress. – 2006. – № 19 (6). – P. 867-878.
27. Jackson C. A. A salutogenic approach to the management of critical incidents an examination of teacher’s stress responses and coping, and school management strategies and interventions. PhD Thesis, Swinburne University, Australasian Digital Theses Program. – 2003. – 279 p.
28. Zoellner, T. & Maercker, A. Posttraumatic growth in clinical psychology: A critical review and introduction of a two component model // Clinical Psychology Review. – 2006. – № 26 (5). – P. 626-653.
29. Evers A. W. M., Kraaimaart F. W., van Langveld W., Jongen P. J. H., Jacobs J. W. G., Bijlsma J. W. J. Beyond unfavourable thinking: The Illness Cognition Questionnaire for chronic diseases // Journal of Counselling and Clinical Psychology. – 2001. – № 69. – P. 1026-1037.
30. Linley P. A., Joseph S. Positive change following trauma and adversity: A review// Journal of Traumatic Stress. – 2004. – № 17 (1). – P. 11-21.
31. Ryff C. D., Singer B. H., Selzer M. M.. Pathways through challenge: Implications for wellbeing and health. In L. Pulkkinen and A. Caspi (Eds.), Pathways to successful development: Personality in the life course. – New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002. – P. 302-328.
32. Salter E, Stallard P. Posttraumatic growth in child survivors of a road traffic accident. J Trauma Stress. 2004 Aug.17 (4): 335-40.
33. Janoff-Bulman, R. (2006). Schema-change perspectives on posttraumatic growth. The handbook of posttraumatic growth: Research and practice Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. pp. 81-99.
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