Analysis of the demographic situation of the population of Kazakhstan during the years of independence (1991-2021)

Abstract

This article analyzes the data on the number and natural growth (fertility and mortality) of the popu-lation of the Republic of Kazakhstan from 1991 to 2021. The indicators used are the total fertility and mortality rates, as well as the natural growth rate. Births and deaths are vital events occurring in all coun-tries of the world, and the registration of these events is of paramount importance for assessing the natu-ral increase (or decrease) and annual changes in the number and structure of the population. The level of registration of births and deaths in the country largely reflects the level of recognition of the importance of statistics of natural population movement as an important contribution to human development plan-ning. The article provides a comparative analysis of the overall mortality rate and life expectancy at birth by gender and regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

The results of the analysis showed, that certain periods in Kazakhstan are characterized by trends towards a decrease in the total birth rate, followed by growth trends and the establishment of stability of this indicator. In order to analyze the demographic situation, the general indicators of fertility and mortality in Kazakhstan were collected. During the period from 1992 to 2001, there was a decrease in the population, with a significant decrease in 1994-1998 and a turning point in dynamics in 2002. The authors of the article analyzed the results of the National Population Census – 2021 in relation to the population of Kazakhstan.

Key words: population, population pyramid, ethnic groups, natural growth, fertility, mortality, life expectancy, population census.