Migration attractiveness as a factor in the development of Kazakhstan cities

Abstract

Territorial development in Kazakhstan is characterized by uneven distribution of resources and population settlement, forming zones of attractiveness and regions that remain undeveloped and unat- tractive for the majority of the country’s population. Large cities with attractive living conditions, where there is a concentration of labor (talented youth and specialists), along with managed urbanization, are seen as a factor in the economic growth of regions and an improvement in the quality of life of the popu- lation. In this context, the ability of a place to attract migrants is essential for enhancing its economic competitiveness and innovative potential. In this work, the authors set the task of studying the migration attractiveness of the largest Kazakhstani cities in order to identify the relationship between the migration balance and indicators of their socio-economic attractiveness. The authors suggest that the migration attractiveness of cities is determined by the state of socio-economic development. To analyze the role of individual factors in the formation of migration processes based on the concept of sustainable devel- opment, a correlation analysis of the country’s cities was carried out according to the main indicators of socio-economic development. Cities are characterized by a stable population inflow over the studied years and migration processes depend on the social and economic indicators of urban development. The identified indicators of urban migration attractiveness can be taken into account when developing a system of regional standards for large cities.

Key words: city, urban population, indicators, migration, migration attractiveness, migration growth,

urbanization.